Yevropa Ittifoqi bir yil ichida Rossiyadan gaz importini -uchdan ikkiga qisqartirishni rejalashtirmoqda.
Yevropa Ittifoqi yashil komissarining aytishicha, iqlim maqsadlariga erishish uchun LNG va koʻmirdan uzoq muddatli foydalanish-qayta tiklanadigan energiyani koʻpaytirish hisobiga qoplanishi kerak.
In response, the IEA also provided the EU with 10 recommendations aimed at diversifying Europe's energy supply, accelerating the move towards renewable energy and focusing on energy efficiency.
IEA bosh iqtisodchisi Fatih Birol yozma bayonotida shunday dedi:
No one has any illusions anymore. Russia's use of its natural gas resources as an economic and political weapon shows the need for Europe to move quickly to prepare for huge uncertainty about Russian gas supplies next winter.
Yevropa Rossiya gaziga bogʻliqlikni uchdan ikkiga qisqartirmoqchi
The European Commission is revising its energy strategy in the wake of Russia's military action to reduce the Kremlin's influence.
Seshanba kuni Financial Times gazetasi Yevropa Ittifoqi tomonidan taqdim etilgan taklif loyihasida aytilishicha, Yevropa Ittifoqi gaz saqlash sig'imining 80 foizini 30 sentyabrgacha to'ldirishni talab qiladi, hozir esa bu ko'rsatkich taxminan 30 foizni tashkil qiladi. Yevropa Ittifoqi hukumatlarga gazni saqlash uchun kompaniyalarga pul toʻlashiga ruxsat beradi.
As the JPMorgan chart shows, Europe's oil and gas production has been steadily declining in recent years, while imports from Russia have been rising steadily, due to the continent's fascination with ESG.
Therefore, for Europe's plan to have any chance of success, it will not only require action from member states (many of which are already uneasy about the investment required by the Commission's energy transition plan and are now struggling to rein in the political impact of soaring energy costs), but also Action from the rest of the world is required.
While the European Commission believes the bloc already has enough gas to get through the rest of the winter even in the event of a sudden supply disruption from Russia, energy inventories are dwindling. Shell announced today that it is restricting some fuel sales in Germany. The EU's executive body will advise member states to start filling storage tanks now in preparation for next winter.
The European Commission has also said it wants to speed up the implementation of the "Green Deal" - reducing greenhouse gas emissions by at least 55 percent from 1990 levels by 2030 and achieving net-zero emissions by 2050.
Qanday qilib kamaytirish kerak?
Xalqaro energetika agentligi (IEA) ma'lumotlariga ko'ra, o'tgan yili YeI Rossiyadan 155 milliard kub metr gaz import qilgan, bu uning gaz importining deyarli yarmini (45 foizini) va umumiy foydalanishning qariyb 40 foizini tashkil qiladi. Italiya, Germaniya va Markaziy Yevropaning bir qancha davlatlari ayniqsa Rossiyaga qaram: u ham neft yetkazib berishning 25 foizini ta'minlaydi.
Bloomberg ma'lumotlariga ko'ra, taklif loyihasi Rossiyadan tashqaridan ko'proq LNG importi va quvurlarni etkazib berishni, ko'proq qayta tiklanadigan gazni qo'shib, energiyani tejash va elektrlashtirishga o'tishni nazarda tutadi. Bu Yevropa Ittifoqiga hozirda Rossiyadan import qilinadigan 155 milliard kub metr gazni samarali almashtirish imkonini beradi.
Bu Yevropaga yiliga 50 milliard kub metr gazni yangi LNG manbalaridan, 10 milliard kub metrni boshqa etkazib beruvchilardan quvurlardan, 20 milliard kub metr yangi shamol energiyasidan olish imkonini beradi va gazga talabni kamaytiradi{{3 }}olovli elektr stantsiyalari talab.
Financial Times nashriga ko‘ra, Yevropa Ittifoqining Yashil kelishuv bo‘yicha komissari Frans Timmermans, Yevropa Ittifoqi ko‘proq LNG import qilishi, qayta tiklanadigan energiya ishlab chiqarishni tezda oshirishi va energiya samaradorligini oshirish choralari orqali talabni kamaytirishi mumkinligini aytdi. U mamlakatlar tabiiy gazga o‘tmaslik uchun uzoq vaqt davomida ko‘mir yoqishga majbur bo‘lishi mumkinligini tan oldi.
Ammo Timmermansning ta'kidlashicha, qayta tiklanadigan energiya jadal o'sib borar ekan, Evropa Ittifoqi hali ham yashil maqsadlariga erisha oladi:
(Agar biz) energiya samaradorligini oshirish va energiya resurslarimizni diversifikatsiya qilish bilan birga qayta tiklanadigan energiyaga o‘tishni tezlashtirsak, joriy yil oxirigacha Rossiya gaziga bog‘liqlikni -uchdan ikkiga kamaytirishimiz mumkin.
O'zingizning energiya manbangizni yaratish eng oqilona va eng dolzarb variantdir.
Timmermansning aytishicha, Yevropa Ittifoqi boshqa manbalardan gaz importini oshirishi mumkin, jumladan, Ozarbayjon kabi mamlakatlardan quvur liniyasi gazini 10 milliard kub metr, Qatar, Misr va hatto Avstraliyadan 50 milliard kub metr LNG.
Bundan tashqari, IEA, shuningdek, YeIga Rossiya tabiiy gaziga qaramlikni kamaytirish, jumladan, Rossiya bilan gaz yetkazib berish shartnomalarini uzaytirmaslik, tabiiy gazni ko‘proq saqlash, shamol va quyosh energiyasi kabi qayta tiklanadigan energiya manbalarini joylashtirishni tezlashtirish bo‘yicha 10 ta tavsiya berdi.